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# FilePath [](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/filepath) [](https://travis-ci.org/haskell/filepath) [](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/ndmitchell/filepath) The `filepath` package provides functionality for manipulating `FilePath` values, and is shipped with both [GHC](https://www.haskell.org/ghc/) and the [Haskell Platform](https://www.haskell.org/platform/). It provides three modules: * [`System.FilePath.Posix`](http://hackage.haskell.org/package/filepath/docs/System-FilePath-Posix.html) manipulates POSIX/Linux style `FilePath` values (with `/` as the path separator). * [`System.FilePath.Windows`](http://hackage.haskell.org/package/filepath/docs/System-FilePath-Windows.html) manipulates Windows style `FilePath` values (with either `\` or `/` as the path separator, and deals with drives). * [`System.FilePath`](http://hackage.haskell.org/package/filepath/docs/System-FilePath.html) is an alias for the module appropriate to your platform. All three modules provide the same API, and the same documentation (calling out differences in the different variants). ### Should `FilePath` be an abstract data type? The answer for this library is "no". While an abstract `FilePath` has some advantages (mostly type safety), it also has some disadvantages: * In Haskell the definition is `type FilePath = String`, and all file-oriented functions operate on this type alias, e.g. `readFile`/`writeFile`. Any abstract type would require wrappers for these functions or lots of casts between `String` and the abstraction. * It is not immediately obvious what a `FilePath` is, and what is just a pure `String`. For example, `/path/file.ext` is a `FilePath`. Is `/`? `/path`? `path`? `file.ext`? `.ext`? `file`? * Often it is useful to represent invalid files, e.g. `/foo/*.txt` probably isn't an actual file, but a glob pattern. Other programs use `foo//bar` for globs, which is definitely not a file, but might want to be stored as a `FilePath`. * Some programs use syntactic non-semantic details of the `FilePath` to change their behaviour. For example, `foo`, `foo/` and `foo/.` are all similar, and refer to the same location on disk, but may behave differently when passed to command-line tools. * A useful step to introducing an abstract `FilePath` is to reduce the amount of manipulating `FilePath` values like lists. This library hopes to help in that effort. ### Developer notes Most of the code is in `System/FilePath/Internal.hs` which is `#include`'d into both `System/FilePath/Posix.hs` and `System/FilePath/Windows.hs` with the `IS_WINDOWS` CPP define set to either `True` or `False`. This Internal module is a bit weird in that it isn't really a Haskell module, but is more an include file. The library has extensive doc tests. Anything starting with `-- >` is transformed into a doc test as a predicate that must evaluate to `True`. These tests follow a few rules: * Tests prefixed with `Windows:` or `Posix:` are only tested against that specific implementation - otherwise tests are run against both implementations. * Any single letter variable, e.g. `x`, is considered universal quantification, and is checked with `QuickCheck`. * If `Valid x =>` appears at the start of a doc test, that means the property will only be tested with `x` passing the `isValid` predicate. The tests can be generated by `Generate.hs` in the root of the repo, and will be placed in `tests/TestGen.hs`. The `TestGen.hs` file is checked into the repo, and the CI scripts check that `TestGen.hs` is in sync with what would be generated a fresh - if you don't regenerate `TestGen.hs` the CI will fail. The `.ghci` file is set up to allow you to type `ghci` to open the library, then `:go` will regenerate the tests and run them.
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