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资源说明：My RHCE self-study notes
# RHCE "Cheat Sheet"

This document attempts to provide answers to all study points on the [RHCE and RHCT Exam Preparation Guide](http://www.redhat.com/certification/rhce/prep_guide/) in a single-page (and thus, printable) format. This is **not** a "brain dump" or an attempt to cheat the [RH302](https://www.redhat.com/courses/rh302_rhce_exam/) exam in any way. These are just my self-study notes. Use them at your own risk.

* **Note:** Study points last updated on 2009-08-11. This list may become out of date without notice (especially after I pass the test ;-)).

## Other People's "Cheat Sheets"

The following links may have updated/additional information, but I am not responsible for any of it. If you are a Red Hat employee, and you believe that I've linked to something that violates the Red Hat NDA, please let me know, and I'll remove the link immediately.

* [Dino Conti's RHCE Cheat Sheet](http://mail.dclinux.com/wiki/index.php/RHCE_Cheat_Sheet)

## Testing Environment with Sun VirtualBox

install guest additions:

    yum install gcc kernel-devel
    sh /media/VBOXADDITIONS*/VBoxLinuxAdditions-x86.run
    reboot

## Prerequisite skills for RHCT and RHCE

Candidates should possess the following skills, as they may be necessary in order to fulfill requirements of the RHCT and RHCE exams:

### use standard command line tools (e.g., ls, cp, mv, rm, tail, cat, etc.) to create, remove, view, and investigate files and directories

### use grep, sed, and awk to process text streams and files

### use a terminal-based text editor, such as vim or nano, to modify text files

### use input/output redirection



    

        operator
        description
    

    

        >
        redirect STDOUT to a file
    

    

        2>
        redirect STDERR to a file
    

    

        &>
        redirect all output to a file
    

    

        2>&1
        redirect all output to a pipe
    




* use **>>** to append instead of overwrite

### understand basic principles of TCP/IP networking, including IP addresses, netmasks, and gateways for IPv4 and IPv6

### use su to switch user accounts

    su - 

### use passwd to set passwords

    passwd 

### use tar, gzip, and bzip2

    # compress (tar/gzip)
    tar cvzf .tgz 

    # extract (tar/gzip)
    tar xvzf .tgz

    # compress (tar/bzip)
    tar cvjf .tbz 

    # extract (tar/bzip)
    tar xvjf .tbz


### configure an email client on Red Hat Enterprise Linux

    echo "message" | mail  -s "subject"
    mail  -s "subject" < 

### use text and/or graphical browser to access HTTP/HTTPS URLs

* elinks
* lynx

### use lftp to access FTP URLs

## RHCT skills

### Troubleshooting and System Maintenance

RHCTs should be able to:

#### boot systems into different run levels for troubleshooting and system maintenance

append the desired runlevel to grub's kernel line:

* **1-5** runs appropriate rc and init scripts
* **single** only runs rc.sysinit
* **emergency** skips all rc and init scripts

#### diagnose and correct misconfigured networking

1. check **/etc/sysconfig/network**
1. check **/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-**
1. service network restart
1. chkconfig network on
1. ifconfig
1. ping 
1. netstat -r
1. ping 
1. ping 4.2.2.2

redhat network config tool:

    system-config-network

#### diagnose and correct hostname resolution problems

1. check **/etc/nsswitch.conf**
1. check **/etc/resolv.conf**
1. check **/etc/hosts**
1. dig @ google.com

redhat network config tool:

    system-config-network

#### configure the X Window System and a desktop environment

install x:

    yum groupinstall "x window system"

* init respawns **/etc/X11/prefdm -nodaemon** to keep x running in runlevel 5
* **startx** to start manually

xfs is supposedly required for x windows (even though i can run x fine without it...):

    service xfs on
    chkconfig xfs on

x environment config:

* /etc/sysconfig/desktop
* /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc
* /etc/X11/xinit/Xclients
* ~/.xinitrc
* ~./Xclients

redhat display config tool:

    system-config-display [--reconfig]

install gnome desktop:

    yum groupinstall "gnome desktop environment"

switchdesk allows you to change your desktop environment:

    yum install switchdesk
    switchdesk

if switchdesk is not available, edit **/etc/sysconfig/desktop**:

    DISPLAYMANAGER=
    DESKTOP=

#### add new partitions, filesystems, and swap to existing systems

##### partitions

manage partitions:

    fdisk 
    partprobe

##### filesystems

make filesystems:

    mkfs.

label filesystems:

    e2label

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